The article deals with the main directions of cooperation in the sphere of education within the framework of the Union State. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time it formulates and introduces the authors’ research position, clearly outlines the boundaries separating the processes which take place within the Union State, and traces the development of the Russian-Belarusian interaction. In the context of this concept the authors identify and formulate the main stages of development of these processes and systematize the main trends of formation of the normative-legal base of the common educational space and measures for its practical implementation. They examine the interaction between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus within the Union State framework in the general context of the Union State building. The following stages are outlined: the preliminary stage from 1995 through 1999 included the maintenance of equal rights of citizens at the level of interstate relations and in the beginning of the Union State building; the second stage from 1999 through 2012 provided the normative-legal base of the educational space of the Union State and implementation of the existing norms; the third stage from 2012 through 2018 was characterized by gradual growth of attention of the governing bodies of the Union State to the problems of humanitarian cooperation, adaptation of the normative-legal acts to the actual changes in the sphere of education of the two countries; the fourth stage from 2018 until now is regarded as a high time for formation of a single space of education of the Union State for further development of integration. The article categorizes and characterizes the actions taken by the bodies of the Union State, educational institutions and professional circles in order to develop cooperation in the field of education. The study identifies the role of diaspora public organizations in the processes under consideration. The authors conclude about the special role of educational and scientific organizations, professional associations and civil society institutions of the two countries in the development of a unified educational space.

The disintegration of the USSR in 1991 set off unprecedented migration processes across the post-Soviet space, remarkable for their scale and complexity. This multifaceted migration phenomenon, with its various forms and manifestations, highlights the crucial need for an interdisciplinary approach in studying the issue. The novelty and relevance of this work stem from its pioneering attempt to illustrate the dynamics of migration processes in post-Soviet Russia through the application of a broad range of methodologies from different humanities disciplines. This article presents a portion of the findings from a comprehensive study conducted by an interdisciplinary research team at Lomonosov Moscow State University. This team, which includes historians, geographers, psychologists, and lawyers, is part of the university’s development program project, “Interdisciplinary Study of Modern Migrations: New Analytical Approaches”. The authors conduct a comprehensive review of current literature on the geographical, demographic, historical, sociological, and anthropological aspects of migration. They analyze thematic documents from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as archival materials covering the past 30 years, up to 2022. These sources hold significant academic value for research in the field. The study identifies the phases and intensity of migration dynamics in the Russian Federation and highlights key trends within the context of global and domestic factors, such as the economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and shift s in Russia’s current migration legislation. The article also explores the concept of ethnic enclaves and offers a functional, operational, and interdisciplinary definition of this phenomenon. It traces and explains the causal relationships that lead to emerging points and nodes of tension, as well as the potential threats inherent in migration processes and enclave formation. Additionally, the study outlines historically driven changes in the dynamics, types, and demographic structure (gender and age) of migration flows to Russia, influenced by both external and internal developments within the country

The article provides a concise interdisciplinary analysis of several normative legal acts adopted in 2024 by federal executive authorities of Russia and other state bodies, which are set to take eff ect in 2024. These acts pertain to the regulation of the legal status of foreign citizens and stateless persons, as well as the application of relevant migration legislation. The analysis encompasses both subordinate normative legal acts adopted by bodies of general competence (the President of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, the General Procuratorate of the Russian Federation) and bodies of special competence — federal executive authorities (the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation). These normative legal acts were examined not only from the perspective of legal dogma, but also in relation to the political, economic, and social context of their adoption, including consideration of the events that transpired in 2024. In particular, the article undertakes a thorough examination of the normative legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation. It specifies the categories of persons who have the right to apply for admission to citizenship of the Russian Federation in a simplified procedure. Furthermore, it defines the concept of “repatriate” in relation to the State program to assist voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad to the Russian Federation. The present study examines the recent normative legal acts of the Government of the Russian Federation, including those pertaining to modifi cations in the regulations governing migration registration. The present study also analyzes the recently enacted normative legal acts of the Government of the Russian Federation, with specifi c reference to alterations in regulations concerning migration registration. It also encompasses an experimental evaluation of the rules and conditions pertaining to the entry and exit of foreign citizens and stateless persons into and out of the Russian Federation. Moreover, consideration is given to the various departmental normative legal acts (orders) issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and the General Procuratorate of the Russian Federation. The analysis conducted indicates that these normative legal acts are intended to enhance the Russian legislation, establish novel eff ective legal mechanisms to address existing gaps and alleviate emerging social tensions.